Luxembourg measures 2,586 square kilometers, making it the seventh smallest country in Europe. The maximum north-to-south distance is 82 kilometers, east-to-west 57 kilometers. Every point in the country lies within ninety minutes of Luxembourg City by road.
Since March 1, 2020, all public transport in Luxembourg operates free of charge. This includes trains operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (CFL), trams in Luxembourg City, and buses run by Régime Général des Transports Routiers. First-class train tickets still require payment. The free transport policy applies to residents and visitors equally, covering standard second-class service on all domestic routes.
The CFL rail network totals 275 kilometers of track. Primary routes connect Luxembourg City to Ettelbruck (27 kilometers north), Troisvierges (59 kilometers north near the Belgian border), Wasserbillig (21 kilometers east on the German border), Bettembourg (13 kilometers south), and Rodange (20 kilometers southwest near the French border). Trains to Ettelbruck depart Luxembourg City every thirty minutes during weekday peaks. The Luxembourg City to Troisvierges journey takes approximately one hour. International connections reach Trier, Germany in 50 minutes, Brussels in 3 hours 15 minutes, and Paris Gare de l'Est in 2 hours 15 minutes via TGV.
Luxembourg City operates a single tram line opened in December 2017 between Luxexpo exhibition center and the central station (Gare Centrale), with extension to Cloche d'Or business district completed in 2021. Total length is 16 kilometers. The tram runs every 4 minutes during peak periods, every 10 minutes off-peak. Journey time from Luxexpo to Gare Centrale is 23 minutes.
The Régime Général des Transports Routiers operates 900 bus routes nationwide. In Luxembourg City, central bus stops concentrate at Hamilius and the central station. Route 1 connects the airport to Hamilius in 25 minutes, departing every 10 to 20 minutes depending on time of day. Regional buses connect villages without rail service. Bus 570 runs from Luxembourg City to Vianden in 1 hour 15 minutes. The Mullerthal region lacks rail connections entirely, requiring buses from Echternach, which sits 35 kilometers northeast of Luxembourg City and connects via bus routes 110, 111, and 400.
Car rental operates through international agencies at Luxembourg Findel Airport, located 6 kilometers east of the capital. Roads total 2,875 kilometers, including 152 kilometers of motorways. The A1 motorway runs 22 kilometers from Luxembourg City northeast to the German border. The A3 extends 14 kilometers southeast from the capital to the French border. The A6 connects Luxembourg City to Arlon, Belgium, covering 12 kilometers to the border. The A7 runs 17 kilometers northeast from the capital to Mersch. Motorways carry no tolls. Urban speed limits are 50 kilometers per hour, rural roads 90 kilometers per hour, motorways 130 kilometers per hour in dry conditions reduced to 110 in rain.
Parking in Luxembourg City costs between 1.00 and 2.50 euros per hour depending on zone. The P&R Bouillon facility on the southern edge offers 2,300 spaces with connecting bus service to the center included in the 2-euro daily parking fee. Seven P&R locations encircle the city with combined capacity exceeding 5,000 vehicles. Street parking in the historical center (Ville Haute) operates Monday to Saturday 08:00 to 18:00 with two-hour maximum stays in most zones.
Cycling infrastructure includes 600 kilometers of marked cycle paths. The PC1 national cycle route circles the country over 340 kilometers. Sections follow the former railway line between Echternach and Ettelbruck. The 37-kilometer Three Rivers Route connects Schengen on the Moselle River to Remerschen following the German and French borders. Bicycle rental operates through Vel'OH self-service stations in Luxembourg City, with 120 stations and 900 bicycles. First thirty minutes are free, each additional thirty minutes costs 0.50 euros up to a maximum 1-euro daily charge. Regional rental stations exist in Vianden, Echternach, and Remich charging approximately 15 euros per day.
Taxi meters in Luxembourg City start at 2.50 euros, charge 2.09 euros per kilometer during day rates (06:00 to 22:00), and 2.60 euros per kilometer at night. Supplements include 25 percent night surcharge and 1.50 euros per piece of luggage exceeding hand-carry size. No rideshare services operated as of 2023 due to regulatory restrictions, though this policy faces ongoing legal challenges. A taxi from the airport to Luxembourg City center costs approximately 25 to 30 euros.